Excessive Sweating (Hyperhidrosis)

Introduction to Hyperhidrosis

Hyperhidrosis is the medical term for excessive sweating. People with hyperhidrosis seem to have overactive sweat glands. They may sweat even when their body does not need cooling. Most often, the sweating occurs on the palms, feet, underarms, and/or head. While the rest of body remains dry, one or two areas may drip with sweat. Excessive sweating can interfere with everyday activities but can also lead to other medical conditions. Because the skin is often wet, fungal and other skin infections may occur.

Understanding Hyperhidrosis

Individuals with hyperhidrosis have overactive sweat glands that produce excessive sweat, often triggered by minimal or no physical activity. This excessive sweating can interfere with daily activities, making it challenging to handle objects, use electronic devices, or comfortably interact with others. The constant moisture can also increase the risk of skin infections, as bacteria and fungi thrive in damp environments.

Types of Hyperhidrosis

Primary Focal Hyperhidrosis:

    • Areas Affected: Commonly affects the hands, feet, underarms, and face.
    • Onset: Typically begins in childhood or adolescence.
    • Hereditary Link: There may be a genetic component, as this type often runs in families.

Secondary Generalized Hyperhidrosis:

    • Causes: Usually a side effect of medications or underlying medical conditions like thyroid issues, diabetes, or menopause.
    • Areas Affected: Can affect larger areas of the body and may occur during sleep.

Managing Hyperhidrosis

  1. Antiperspirants: The first line of treatment often involves over-the-counter or prescription-strength antiperspirants. These products contain aluminum chloride, which helps reduce sweating by blocking the sweat glands. Applying antiperspirants before bed and in the morning can provide better control over sweat production.

  2. Iontophoresis: This non-invasive treatment involves immersing the hands or feet in water while a mild electrical current is passed through. The current helps to reduce sweating over time, with maintenance treatments needed for sustained results.

  3. Botulinum Toxin Injections (Botox): Botox injections can temporarily block the nerves responsible for activating the sweat glands. This treatment is particularly effective for underarm sweating and typically lasts 4 to 6 months.

  4. Oral Medications: In some cases, medications that block nerve signals to the sweat glands can be prescribed, particularly for stress-related or generalized hyperhidrosis.

When to Seek Help

If excessive sweating affects your quality of life or causes social discomfort, it’s important to consult a dermatologist. They can recommend the most appropriate treatment options based on the severity and type of hyperhidrosis you have.